Python mkdtemp函数详解 - 安全创建临时目录的完整指南

import tempfile

path = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None)

import tempfile
import os
import shutil

# 创建临时目录
tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
print(f"临时目录: {tmpdir}")
print(f"目录存在: {os.path.isdir(tmpdir)}")

# 在临时目录中创建文件
filepath = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'work.txt')
with open(filepath, 'w') as f:
    f.write('临时工作文件')

print(f"文件存在: {os.path.exists(filepath)}")

# 手动清理
shutil.rmtree(tmpdir)
print(f"清理后存在: {os.path.exists(tmpdir)}")

临时目录: C:\Users\...\tmpxxxxxx
目录存在: True
文件存在: True
清理后存在: False

import tempfile
import os
import shutil

# 创建带前缀和后缀的临时目录
tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='build_', suffix='_tmp')
dirname = os.path.basename(tmpdir)
print(f"目录名: {dirname}")
print(f"以build_开头: {dirname.startswith('build_')}")
print(f"以_tmp结尾: {dirname.endswith('_tmp')}")

# 清理
shutil.rmtree(tmpdir)

目录名: build_xxxxxx_tmp
以build_开头: True
以_tmp结尾: True

import tempfile
import os
import shutil

def build_project(project_name):
    """模拟构建过程，使用临时目录"""
    # 创建构建工作目录
    work_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=f'{project_name}_build_')
    print(f"构建目录: {work_dir}")

    try:
        # 模拟构建步骤
        src_dir = os.path.join(work_dir, 'src')
        os.makedirs(src_dir)

        with open(os.path.join(src_dir, 'app.py'), 'w') as f:
            f.write(f'# {project_name} v1.0\nprint("built")')

        with open(os.path.join(work_dir, 'build.log'), 'w') as f:
            f.write('构建成功\n')

        # 列出构建产物
        print("构建产物:")
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(work_dir):
            level = root.replace(work_dir, '').count(os.sep)
            indent = '  ' * level
            print(f"{indent}{os.path.basename(root)}/")
            subindent = '  ' * (level + 1)
            for file in files:
                print(f"{subindent}{file}")

    finally:
        # 清理构建目录
        shutil.rmtree(work_dir)
        print(f"\n构建目录已清理")

build_project('myapp')

构建目录: C:\...\myapp_build_xxxxxx
构建产物:
myapp_build_xxxxxx/
  build.log
  src/
    app.py

构建目录已清理