Python hashlib.sha1与sha512详解 - SHA-1碰撞与SHA-512高安全哈希

import hashlib

# SHA-1
sha1_result = hashlib.sha1(b'data').hexdigest()

# SHA-512
sha512_result = hashlib.sha512(b'data').hexdigest()

import hashlib

data = b'Hello, World!'

sha1 = hashlib.sha1(data).hexdigest()
sha512 = hashlib.sha512(data).hexdigest()

print(f"数据: {data}")
print(f"SHA-1:   {sha1}")
print(f"SHA-512: {sha512}")
print(f"\nSHA-1长度:   {len(sha1)} 字符")
print(f"SHA-512长度: {len(sha512)} 字符")

数据: b'Hello, World!'
SHA-1:   0a0a9f2a6772942557ab5355d76af442f8f65e01
SHA-512: 2cf24dba5fb0a30e26e83b2ac5b9e29e1b161e5c1fa7425e73043362938b9824...

SHA-1长度:   40 字符
SHA-512长度: 128 字符

import hashlib

def git_blob_hash(content):
    """模拟Git计算blob对象的SHA-1哈希"""
    header = f"blob {len(content)}\0".encode()
    return hashlib.sha1(header + content).hexdigest()

# 模拟Git提交
file_content = b'Hello, Git!'
git_hash = git_blob_hash(file_content)
print(f"文件内容: {file_content}")
print(f"Git SHA-1: {git_hash}")
print(f"长度: {len(git_hash)} 字符")

文件内容: b'Hello, Git!'
Git SHA-1: ce013625030ba8dba906f756967f9e9ca394464a
长度: 40 字符

import hashlib
import os

def secure_token(data, salt=None):
    """使用SHA-512生成安全令牌"""
    if salt is None:
        salt = os.urandom(32)
    h = hashlib.sha512()
    h.update(salt)
    h.update(data.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(data, str) else data)
    return h.hexdigest()

# 生成API密钥
api_key = secure_token("user_id:1001", os.urandom(32))
print(f"API密钥: {api_key[:32]}...{api_key[-8:]}")
print(f"密钥长度: {len(api_key)} 字符")

# 验证数据一致性
data1_hash = hashlib.sha512(b'critical data').hexdigest()
data2_hash = hashlib.sha512(b'critical data').hexdigest()
data3_hash = hashlib.sha512(b'critical datb').hexdigest()

print(f"\n相同数据哈希一致: {data1_hash == data2_hash}")
print(f"不同数据哈希不同: {data1_hash != data3_hash}")

API密钥: a1b2c3d4e5f6789012345678abcdef01...abcdef01
密钥长度: 128 字符

相同数据哈希一致: True
不同数据哈希不同: True