requests超时设置详解 - 连接超时、读取超时与重试机制

import requests

# 方式1：设置统一的超时时间（连接+读取）
requests.get(url, timeout=5)

# 方式2：分别设置连接超时和读取超时
requests.get(url, timeout=(3, 10))  # (连接超时, 读取超时)

import requests

# 设置5秒超时（连接和读取各5秒）
try:
    response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/delay/1', timeout=5)
    print(f"请求成功，状态码: {response.status_code}")
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
    print("请求超时")
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
    print(f"请求异常: {e}")

请求成功，状态码: 200

import requests

# 连接超时3秒，读取超时10秒
timeout_config = (3, 10)

try:
    # 请求延迟2秒的接口（读取超时10秒内可完成）
    response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/delay/2', timeout=timeout_config)
    print(f"延迟2秒请求成功: {response.status_code}")
except requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout:
    print("连接超时")
except requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout:
    print("读取超时")

# 测试读取超时
try:
    # 请求延迟15秒的接口（超过读取超时10秒）
    response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/delay/15', timeout=timeout_config)
    print(f"延迟15秒请求成功: {response.status_code}")
except requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout:
    print("读取超时：服务器响应时间过长")

延迟2秒请求成功: 200
读取超时：服务器响应时间过长

import requests
import time

def request_with_retry(url, max_retries=3, timeout=5):
    """带重试机制的请求函数"""
    for attempt in range(1, max_retries + 1):
        try:
            response = requests.get(url, timeout=timeout)
            print(f"第{attempt}次请求成功: {response.status_code}")
            return response
        except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
            print(f"第{attempt}次请求超时，等待{attempt}秒后重试...")
            time.sleep(attempt)
        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
            print(f"第{attempt}次连接失败，等待{attempt}秒后重试...")
            time.sleep(attempt)
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            print(f"第{attempt}次请求异常: {e}")
            time.sleep(attempt)

    print(f"已重试{max_retries}次，请求失败")
    return None

# 测试重试机制
result = request_with_retry('https://httpbin.org/delay/1', max_retries=3, timeout=5)

第1次请求成功: 200